| 291 | 0 | 100 |
| Downloads | Citas | Reads |
The successful preparation of graphene has opened a new era of two-dimensional(2D) materials research.A large number of studies have shown that two-dimensional materials have unique physical and chemical properties in force, heat, light, electricity, and other aspects, and have potential application value in optoelectronic devices, data storage, and spintronics. However, most 2D materials are non-magnetic or weakly magnetic, and their low phase transition temperature and weak magnetic properties make it difficult for many 2D materials to meet the standards for practical applications. Recent studies have found that single-layer MX3with a hexagonal lattice structure( M is transition metal atom, X is halogen atom) has robust and tunable magnetic properties, and is a class of candidate materials with great research value. In this paper, the electronic characteristics and magnetic properties of some hexagonal 3d transition metal trihalides are reviewed, with emphasis on the analysis of the magnetic coupling mechanism in the magnetic system, and the relevant work on the external regulation of these systems is summarized. The paper examines various methods to regulate the electronic structure, magnetic properties, and phase transition temperature of MX3thin films, such as applying strain, atom doping or substitution, alloying, and constructing spatially asymmetric Janus structures. Finally, the current challenges and future development prospects of MX3thin films are discussed.
[1] NOVOSELOV K S, GEIM A K, MOROZOV S V, et al.Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films[J]. Science, 2004, 306(5696):666-669.
[2] MERMIN N D, WAGNER H. Absence of ferromagnetism or antiferromagnetism in one-or two-dimensional isotropic Heisenberg models[J]. Physical Review Letters, 1966, 17(22):1133-1136.
[3] HUANG B, CLARK G, NAVARRO-MORATALLA E, et al. Layer-dependent ferromag netism in a van der Waals crystal down to the monolayer limit[J]. Nature, 2017, 546(7657):270-273.
[4] WEBSTER L, YAN J A. Strain-tunable magnetic anisotropy in monolayer CrCl3, CrBr3, and CrI3[J]. Physical Review B,2018, 98(14):144411.
[5] SHEN Z, SONG C S, XUE Y F, et al. Strain-tunable Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and skyrmions in twodimensional Janus Cr2X3Y3(X, Y=Cl, Br, I, X≠Y)trihalide monolayers[J]. Physical Review B, 2022, 106(9):094403.
[6] LIAO J J, NIE Y Z, WANG X G, et al. Spin reorientation and Curie temperature promotion in CrI3-Bi van der Waals heterostructures[J]. Physical Review B, 2023, 107(18):184403.
[7] XIE W F, ZHANG L, YUE Y L, et al. Giant valley polarization and perpendicular magne tocrystalline anisotropy energy in monolayer MX2(M=Ru, Os;X=Cl, Br)[J].Physical Review B, 2024, 109(2):024406.
[8] GONG C, LI L, LI Z L, et al. Discovery of intrinsic ferromagnetism in two-dimensional van der Waals crystals[J].Nature, 2017, 546(7657):265-269.
[9] LU H Y, WANG W, LIU Y, et al. Exfoliation, lattice vibration and air stability characterization of antiferromagnetic van der Waals NiPS3nanosheets[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2020, 504:144405.
[10] KANG L X, YE C, ZHAO X X, et al. Phase-controllable growth of ultrathin 2D magnetic FeTe crystals[J]. Nature Communications, 2020, 11(1):3729.
[11] CHEN W J, SUN Z Y, WANG Z J, et al. Direct observation of van der Waals stacking-dependent interlayer magnetism[J]. Science, 2019, 366(6468):983-987.
[12] MCGUIRE M A, DIXIT H, COOPER V R, et al. Coupling of crystal structure and magnetism in the layered,ferromagnetic insulator CrI3[J]. Chemistry of Materials,2015, 27(2):612-620.
[13] ZHANG W B, QU Q, ZHU P, et al. Robust intrinsic ferromagnetism and half semiconductivity in stable two-dimensional single-layer chromium trihalides[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2015, 3(48):12457-12468.
[14] ZHOU Y G, LU H F, ZU X T, et al. Evidencing the existence of exciting half-metallicity in two-dimensional TiCl3and VCl3sheets[J]. Scientific Reports, 2016, 6:19407.
[15] WANG M C, CHANG C R. Goodenough-kanamori-anderson rules in CrI3/MoTe2/CrI3van der Waals heterostructure[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2022, 169(5):053507.
[16] XUE F, HOU Y S, WANG Z, et al. Two-dimensional ferromagnetic van der Waals CrCl3monolayer with enhanced anisotropy and Curie temperature[J]. Physical Review B,2019, 100(22):224429.
[17] WANG X D, WU R Q, WANG D S, et al. Torque method for the theoretical determination of magnetocrystalline anisotropy[J]. Physical Review B, 1996, 54(1):61-64.
[18] SHEN C H, WANG G T, WANG T X, et al. Tuning the magnetic anisotropy of ferromagnetic MnS2monolayers via electron occupation of Mn d orbitals[J]. Physical Review B,2021, 104(22):224406.
[19] BACAKSIZ C, SABANI D, MENEZES R M, et al. Distinctive magnetic properties of CrI3and CrBr3monolayers caused by spin-orbit coupling[J]. Physical Review B, 2021,103(12):125418.
[20] ZHANG J Y, ZHAO B, ZHOU T, et al. Strong magnetization and Chern insulators in compressed graphene/CrI3van der Waals heterostructures[J]. Physical Review B, 2018,97(8):085401.
[21] DILLON J F Jr, OLSON C E. Magnetization, resonance,and optical properties of the ferromagnet CrI3[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1965, 36(3):1259-1260.
[22] WINES D, CHOUDHARY K, TAVAZZA F. Systematic DFT+U and quantum Monte Carlo benchmark of magnetic two-dimensional(2D)CrX3(X=I, Br, Cl, F)[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2023, 127(2):1176-1188.
[23] GR魻NKE M, BUSCHBECK B, SCHMIDT P, et al. Chromium trihalides CrX3(X=Cl, Br, I):direct deposition of micro-and nanosheets on substrates by chemical vapor transport[J]. Advanced Materials Interfaces, 2019, 6(24):1901410.
[24] SINGH C K, KABIR M. Room-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional CrBr3[J]. Physical Review Materials, 2022, 6(8):084407.
[25] ZHU R, ZHANG W, SHEN W, et al. Exchange bias in van der Waals CrCl3/Fe3GeTe2heterostructures[J]. Nano Letters, 2020, 20(7):5030-5035.
[26] SERRI M, CUCINOTTA G, POGGINI L, et al. Enhancement of the magnetic coupling in exfoliated CrCl3crystals observed by low-temperature magnetic force microscopy and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism[J]. Advanced Materials, 2020, 32(24):e2000566.
[27] ABRAMCHUK M, JASZEWSKI S, METZ K R, et al.Controlling magnetic and optical properties of the van der Waals crystal CrCl3-xBrxvia mixed halide chemistry[J]. Advanced Materials, 2018, 30(25):e1801325.
[28] KIM M, KUMARAVADIVEL P, BIRKBECK J, et al. Micromagnetometry of two-dimensional ferromagnets[J]. Nature Electronics, 2019, 2:457-463.
[29] JIAO Y L, MA F X, ZHANG C M, et al. First-principles prediction of spin-polarized multiple Dirac rings in manganese fluoride[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2017, 119(1):016403.
[30] SUN Q L, KIOUSSIS N. Prediction of man ganese trihalides as two-dimensional Dirac half-metals[J]. Physical Review B, 2018, 97(9):094408.
[31] XU K D, HU D, CHEN J, et al. Two-orbital spinfermion model study of ferromagnetism in the honeycomb lattice[J]. Physical Review B, 2023, 108(9):094401.
[32] GUO G, LIU J Z, XU Y J, et al. Chemical functionalization induced photocatalytic performance for water splitting of silicene:a first-principles investigation[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2023, 667:131379.
[33] WANG Y P, XU X G, JI W X, et al. Exploitable magnetic anisotropy and half-metallicity controls in multiferroic van der Waals heterostructure[J]. NPJ Computational Materials, 2023, 9:223.
[34] FEI Z Y, HUANG B, MALINOWSKI P, et al. Two-dimensional itinerant ferromagnetism in atomically thin Fe3GeTe2[J]. Nature Materials, 2018, 17:778-782.
[35] ZHAO X X, SONG P, WANG C C, et al. Engineering covalently bonded 2D layered materials by self-intercalation[J]. Nature, 2020, 581(7807):171-177.
[36] RAFIQUE M, SHUAI Y, TAN H P, et al. Structural,electronic and magnetic properties of 3d metal trioxide clusters-doped monolayer graphene:a first-principles study[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2017, 399:20-31.
[37] TOMAR S, GHOSH B, MARDANYA S, et al. Intrinsic magnetism in monolayer transition metal trihalides:a comparative study[J]. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2019, 489:165384.
[38] GUAN Z Y, NI S. Prediction of high curie temperature,large magnetic crystal anisotropy, and carrier doping-induced half-metallicity in two-dimensional ferromagnetic Fe X3(X=F, Cl, Br, and I)monolayers[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2021, 125(30):16700-16710.
[39] LI P. Prediction of intrinsic two dimensional ferromagnetism realized quantum anomalous Hall effect[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2019, 21(12):6712-6717.
[40] MCGUIRE M A. Crystal and magnetic structures in layered, transition metal dihalides and trihalides[EB/OL].(2017-04-26)[2024-01-10]. https：//arxiv.org/abs/1704.08225v1.
[41] LIU T, ZHOU N, LI X, et al. Prediction of colossal magnetocrystalline anisotropy for transition metal triiodides[J].Journal of Physics:Condensed Matter, 2019, 31(29):295801.
[42] TIAN S J, ZHANG J F, LI C H, et al. Ferromagnetic van der Waals crystal VI3[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2019, 141(13):5326-5333.
[43] KONG T, STOLZE K, TIMMONS E I, et al. VI3:a new layered ferromagnetic semiconductor[J]. Advanced Materials, 2019, 31(17):e1808074.
[44] AN M, ZHANG Y, CHEN J, et al. Tuning magnetism in layered magnet VI3:a theoretical study[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2019, 123(50):30545-30550.
[45] HE J J, MA S Y, LYU P B, et al. Unusual Dirac halfmetallicity with intrinsic ferromagnetism in vanadium trihalide monolayers[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry C,2016, 4(13):2518-2526.
[46] YAN J, LUO X, CHEN F C, et al. Anisotropic magnetic entropy change in the hard ferromagnetic semiconductor VI3[J]. Physical Review B, 2019, 100(9):094402.
[47] CHEN S B, HUANG C X, SUN H S, et al. Boosting the curie temperature of two-dimensional semiconducting CrI3monolayer through van der Waals heterostructures[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2019, 123(29):17987-17993.
[48] LI Z, ZHOU B Z. Theoretical investigation of nonvolatile electrical control behavior by ferroelectric polarization switching in two-dimensional MnCl3/CuInP2S6van der Waals heterostructures[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2020,8(13):4534-4541.
[49] GUO T X, LIU Y J, SUN Y, et al. Insight into tunable electronic and magnetic properties in 2D ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic van der Waals heterostructure[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2023, 122(19):192403.
[50] WANG Z C, PAN H G, ZHOU B Z. Nonvolatile magnetoelectric coupling in two-dimensional van der Waals sandwich heterostructure CuInP2S6/MnCl3/CuInP2S6[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2023, 25(42):29098-29107.
[51] GUO Y L, YUAN S J, WANG B, et al. Half-metallicity and enhanced ferromagnetism in Li-adsorbed ultrathin chromium triiodide[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry C,2018, 6(21):5716-5720.
[52] XU J L, HUANG X K, HU J N, et al. Strain enhanced magnetism of V-implanted Cr I3monolayer[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2023, 122(6):063101.
[53] YANG Q, HU X H, SHEN X D, et al. Enhancing ferromagnetism and tuning electronic properties of CrI3monolayers by adsorption of transition-metal atoms[J]. ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces, 2021, 13(18):21593-21601.
[54] POLITANO A, CHIARELLO G. Probing the Young′s modu-lus and Poisson′s ratio in graphene/metal interfaces and graphite:a comparative study[J]. Nano Research, 2015, 8(6):1847-1856.
[55] BERTOLAZZI S, BRIVIO J, KIS A. Stretching and breaking of ultrathin MoS2[J]. ACS Nano, 2011, 5(12):9703-9709.
[56] ZHENG F W, ZHAO J Z, LIU Z, et al. Tunable spin states in the two-dimensional magnet Cr I3[J]. Nanoscale,2018, 10(29):14298-14303.
[57] LIU L, YANG K, WANG G Y, et al. Two-dimensional ferromagnetic semiconductor VBr3with tunable anisotropy[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2020, 8(42):14782-14788.
[58] QIN W J, XU B, SUN B Z, et al. First principles study of electrical and magnetic properties of two-dimensional ferromagnetic semiconductors CrI3adsorbed by atoms[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(11):117101.
[59] HUANG C X, FENG J S, WU F, et al. Toward intrinsic room-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional semiconductors[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,2018, 140(36):11519-11525.
[60] ZHANG H S, YANG W J, CUI P, et al. Prediction of monolayered ferromagnetic CrMnI6as an intrinsic hightemperature quantum anomalous Hall system[J]. Physical Review B, 2020, 102(11):115413.
[61] WANG X L, GUO H M, CHEN H, et al. Intrinsic ferromagnetic half-metal:non-equivalent al loying compounds CrMnI6monolayer[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2023, 623:157084.
[62] ZHOU J, WANG Q, SUN Q, et al. Ferromagnetism in semihydrogenated graphene sheet[J]. Nano Letters, 2009,9(11):3867-3870.
[63] ZHANG J, JIA S, KHOLMANOV I, et al. Janus monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides[J]. ACS Nano, 2017,11(8):8192-8198.
[64] ZHANG F, MI W B, WANG X C. Spin-dependent electronic structure and magnetic anisotropy of 2D ferromagnetic Janus Cr2I3X3(X=Br, Cl)monolayers[J]. Advanced Electronic Materials, 2020, 6(1):1900778.
[65] FANG X T, ZHOU B Z, WANG X C, et al. Two dimensional Janus Ti-trihalide monolayers with half-metallic characteristics, Mott insulator properties and tunable magnetic anisotropy[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2022,10(29):10616-10626.
[66] HU Y, GONG Y H, ZENG H H, et al. Two-dimensional stable Fe-based ferromagnetic semiconductors:FeI3and FeI1.5Cl1.5monolayers[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2020, 22(42):24506-24515.
[67] LI R, JIANG J W, SHI X H, et al. Two-dimensional Janus FeXY(X, Y=Cl, Br, and I, X≠Y)monolayers:half-metallic ferromagnets with tunable magnetic properties under strain[J]. ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces, 2021,13(32):38897-38905.
[68] LI Z, ZHANG J N, ZHOU B Z. Electric polarization related Dirac half-metallicity in Mn-trihalide Janus monolayers[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2020, 22(45):26468-26477.
[69] QIN W J, WANG G Q, XU B, et al. Element-dependent unique properties of Janus Cr2I3X3(X=F, Cl, Br)monolayer:insight from first-principles calculations[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:B, 2022, 278:115610.
[70] SUGITA Y, MOTOME Y. Band crossings in honeycomblayered transition metal compounds[J]. Physical Review B,2019, 99(4):041101.
[71] ZHANG J Y, ZHAO B, MA C L, et al. Bipolar ferromagnetic semiconductors and doping-tuned room-temperature half-metallicity in monolayer MoX3(X=Cl, Br, I):an HSE06 study[J]. Physical Review B, 2021, 103(7):075433.
[72] JIAO Y L, ZENG X T, CHEN C, et al. Monolayer and bilayer PtCl3:energetics, magnetism, and band topology[J].Physical Review B, 2023, 107(7):075436.
Basic Information:
DOI：10.12194/j.ntu.20240316001
China Classification Code:TB34
Citation Information:
[1]LI Yushu,QI Qingxiu,LI Xinyang ,et al.Advances in electronic structure and magnetic properties of two-dimensional hexagonal lattice transition metal trihalides[J].Journal of Nantong University (Natural Science Edition),2024,23(04):71-84.DOI:10.12194/j.ntu.20240316001.
Fund Information:
国家自然科学基金面上项目（11974354）; 江苏省研究生科研与实践创新项目（KYCX22＿3328）
2024-03-16
2024
2024-04-22
2024
1
2024-05-08
2024-05-08
2024-05-08