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About the Journal
Governed by: Jiangsu Education Department
Sponsored by: Nantong University
Published by: Editorial Office of Journal of Nantong University (Natural Science Edition)
Issues per year: 4
ISSN: 1673-2340
CN: 32-1755/N
DL-SESTR:a deep learning-based semantic encoding method for synthetic trajectory reconstruction
LI Tongxin;ZHANG Jing;HU Haoze;ZENG Zuanyang;LIAO Huaxiong;Background knowledge attacks pose serious threats to trajectory privacy by exploiting prior knowledge to infer user behavior patterns. Existing trajectory reconstruction methods, however, suffer from two major limitations.First, they fail to address semantic location information leakage effectively, and their deep learning models lack optimization under noisy conditions, leading to inadequate reconstruction accuracy and weak semantic extraction. Second,their poor generalization ability hinders efficient reconstruction across heterogeneous datasets, thereby limiting the comprehensiveness of privacy protection. To address these limitations, this study proposes a deep learning-based semantic encoding method for synthetic trajectory reconstruction(DL-SESTR), a false trajectory reconstruction method based on semantic information encoding. The method integrates a bidirectional long short-term memory network(BiLSTM) with an attention mechanism to capture spatiotemporal dependencies and dynamically identify key trajectory points, thereby improving noise resistance. It also introduces a point-of-interest semantic annotation algorithm(PSA)that matches multi-source point-of-interest(POI) data efficiently to enhance annotation performance. Furthermore, a hierarchical semantic encoding algorithm based on the Hasse diagram(HDSE) is proposed, constructing a semantic sensitivity weight model to distinguish high-priority semantic information from noise. Experiments on the T-Drive and GeoLife datasets evaluated model performance across dense and sparse regions, varying privacy budgets, and dayand-night scenarios. DL-SESTR consistently outperforms baseline methods in balancing privacy protection and data utility: Hausdorff distance is reduced by 0.3%, dynamic time warping(DTW) efficiency improves by 1.2 times,and root mean square(RMS) improves by 1.18 times. Under a low privacy budget( ε = 0.01), the method still achieves a 95% Euclidean distance reduction rate, demonstrating strong robustness and generalization ability.
Vehicle scheduling optimization at unsignalized intersection based on Petri net and improved black-winged kite algorithm
CAO Meng;ZHANG Funa;JIANG Xinyu;HUANG Cheng;LIU Huixia;ZHANG Sihan;SUN Wenqiang;To meet the demand for efficient vehicle passage at unsignalized intersections in intelligent connected environments, this study proposes a new vehicle scheduling optimization method for unsignalized intersections based on a Petri net model, a deadlock avoidance strategy, and an improved black-winged kite algorithm(BKA), with the objective of minimizing the maximum vehicle passing time. The proposed method first encodes the vehicle passing sequences and establishes a mapping between vehicle numbers and BKA individuals. Then, a real-time online deadlock detection and repair strategy is applied to each individual to ensure control feasibility. Furthermore, two improvement strategies are developed for the BKA, the improved Circle chaotic mapping and the Levy flight strategy, to improve the algorithm′s solving speed and solution accuracy. Finally, experiments are conducted on a two-way four-lane intersection under multiple typical scenarios, and comparisons are made between the improved BKA, the original BKA, and the genetic algorithm to verify the significant advantage of the proposed method in minimizing the maximum passing time. Statistical analysis further demonstrates that the proposed method achieves the best performance in terms of convergence speed, stability, and optimization effectiveness. The experimental results show that the improved BKA exhibits strong optimization search capability in solving the vehicle scheduling optimization problem at unsignalized intersections.
Mobile robots path planning based on improved ant colony algorithm
YUAN Junhui;WANG Xiaodong;MA Yingcang;Path planning for mobile robots is considered one of the fundamental research areas in robotics. It involves determining an optimal, collision-free path from a start point to a target based on the assigned task and environmental perception. To address the limitations of the standard ant colony optimization(ACO) algorithm, including slow convergence, redundant paths, and susceptibility to local optima, this study proposes an improved ACO algorithm. Firstly,goal-oriented Euclidean and Chebyshev distances are fused to enhance early-stage search efficiency, and a normal distribution(Gaussian distribution) is introduced into the heuristic function to improve path search precision. Secondly,a reward-penalty strategy is incorporated into the pheromone update mechanism to reinforce the influence of highquality paths and accelerate convergence. Thirdly, an adaptive pheromone evaporation factor is applied to dynamically adjust the search behavior, thereby enhancing global exploration and reducing the risk of becoming trapped in local optima. Finally, a pruning strategy is employed to reduce the number of turns and shorten the overall path length. Comparative simulation experiments with other algorithms in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional environments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm not only yields shorter paths but also exhibits higher search efficiency in terms of running time.
Preparation and evaluation of X-ray shielding performance of Bi_2O3/TPU/W-coated yarn fabric
ZHOU Rui;ZHANG Feiyan;CHEN Huajie;ZHANG Yiming;YAO Lirong;To investigate the preparation process and X-ray shielding performance of bismuth oxide/polyurethane/tungsten wire(Bi_2O3/TPU/W) sheathed yarn fabrics, using a spinning solution of polyurethane(TPU) and bismuth oxide(Bi_2O3) with tungsten wire(W) as the core layer, Bi_2O3/TPU/W sheathed yarn was fabricated via core-sheath composite electrospinning technology and subsequently woven into a plain-woven fabric. The effects of Bi2 O3 addition on the surface morphology, chemical composition, mechanical properties, air permeability, and X-ray shielding performance of the nanofiber membrane were investigated. The results indicated that: 1) when the Bi2 O3 addition was 75%,the Bi_2O3/TPU fiber membrane exhibited uniform particle distribution and well-defined morphology; 2) when the diameter of the Bi_2O3/TPU/W sheathed yarn was 0.7 mm, the yarn structure was stable with satisfactory tensile strength.The prepared Bi_2O3/TPU/W sheathed yarn fabric, with a thickness of 1.4 mm, achieved an air permeability of 1 220 mm/s,a moisture vapor transmission rate of 7 040 g/(m2·24 h), and an X-ray shielding lead equivalent of 0.27 mmPb at an incident energy of 83 keV.
Fabrication and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of flake carbonyl iron/polyester fiber reinforced composites
JIN Xinyi;GUO Nannan;FENG Jingang;HE Hengxin;ZHU Licheng;PANG Tianwen;GU Wenyan;Flake carbonyl iron powder(CIP) is a typical magnetic-loss electromagnetic wave absorber, but its high density limits practical application. In this study, CIP was compounded with waterborne polyurethane( PU) and polyester fiber(PET) to prepare CIP/PET/PU composites, and their performance was systematically investigated. Two CIP sizes were each dispersed at different mass ratios into PU solutions to form impregnation solutions, into which PET fibers were subsequently immersed to yield CIP/PET/PU. Characterization of the microstructure, microwave absorption properties, and mechanical performance revealed distinct differences between the front and back sides of the composite. The cross-section exhibited a gradient distribution of CIP, transitioning from a dense concentration at the back side to a sparse distribution at the front side, with larger CIP particles being more prone to forming a dense structure on the back side. The microwave absorption performance of the back side was significantly superior to that of the front side. For composites containing larger CIP at a mass ratio of m(CIP)∶m(PU) = 1.5, the minimum reflection loss reached-25 d B at 18 GHz. Effective absorption was still achieved at a low mass ratio of m(CIP)∶m(PU) = 0.15, indicating promising potential for lightweight composites. Regarding mechanical properties, composites with smaller CIP at m(CIP)∶m(PU) = 0.015 showed mechanical performance slightly higher than or comparable to that of the CIP-free composite. Similarly, composites with larger CIP at m(CIP)∶m(PU) = 1.5 exhibited slightly better mechanical properties than the CIP-free composite. However, all other samples showed inferior mechanical performance compared with the CIP-free composite.
Modeling and Parameter Extraction Methods of InP HEMT for Next-Generation Wireless Communications
FENG Changle;LUO Kun;ZHANG Ao;GAO Jianjun;Due to its high signal-to-noise ratio， easy integration and high electron mobility， high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) have become a popular choice of semiconductor devices in next-generation wireless communication systems. Highly accurate models are critical to precisely predict the device performance.The linear model and parameter extraction method of high electron mobility transistor are studied in this paper， and the distributed capacitance effect is considered. Based on the small-signal equivalent circuit model， a direct parameter extraction procedure for the intrinsic elements of InP HEMT is established. The 25 × 2 μm (unit gate width×number of gate fingers) InP HEMT device was characterized and validated under multiple bias conditions over the frequency range from 500 MHz to 40 GHz.The results show that the modeled and measured data are in good agreement， which verifies the accuracy of the model and the extraction method.
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Research status of preparation strategies and functional applications of silk fibroin nanofibrils
CHEN Jiacheng;ZHAN Kejing;LIU Yuxi;ZHANG Xin;PAN Zhijuan;Natural silk fibers possess a unique multi-scale and multi-level structure. Among them， silk nanofibrils (SNFs)， as one-dimensional nanoscale basic unit structures with diameters ranging from tens to hundreds of nanometers， encompass complex structures such as amino acid structures， nanocrystal line regions， and amorphous regions. They exhibit both good biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties， making them an emerging bio-based material in the field of functional material preparation. This article first introduces the multi-level structure of silk and focuses on the advantages and potential applications of its basic structural unit， SNFs. It then reviews the current research status of top-down and bottom-up preparation strategies for SNFs and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the two strategies. Based on this， it highlights the functional applications of SNFs in biomedical， filtration materials， intelligent sensing， and energy storage fields. Finally， in view of the current challenges faced by SNFs in controllable preparation and large-scale application， it looks forward to their future development trends in directions such as multifunctional composites and integrated construction. As a bridge connecting natural proteins and advanced functional materials， SNFs hold significant research value and application prospects.
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Alzheimer's Disease EEG Classification Based on Phase-Aware and Fourier Decomposition
GE Jiachang;JIANG Yizhang;HUANG Lijun;XIA Kaijian;To address the challenges of background rhythm interference and attention head mode collapse in Alzheimer’s disease electroencephalography classification， we propose a phase-aware cyclical Transformer framework， termed PACformer. The model first employs an adaptive phase projector， composed of a large-kernel 1D convolution and a multilayer perceptron， to estimate the starting phase of each EEG epoch and generate phase-aware gating weights for refining token embeddings. It then introduces a Fourier residual decomposition encoder that learns periodic background trends with a trainable Fourier series and follows a subtract-attend-add strategy to separate stationary rhythms from pathology-related residuals. In addition， a multi-head spectral diversity loss is designed to encourage different attention heads to cover complementary frequency bands. Experiments on the APAVA dataset show that PACformer achieves 77.75% accuracy， 86.56% AUROC， and 87.02% AUPRC， outperforming 11 competitive baselines. These results indicate that explicit phase alignment and frequency-domain decomposition improve the modeling of non-stationary physiological signals and support more robust EEG-based AD screening.
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Preparation and properties of cellulose nanocrystal/polyethylene glycol hygroscopic color-changing film
FAN Songbai;WU Yuting;PAN Zhijuan;Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)， as a renewable nanomaterial， exhibit unique advantages in humidity sensing due to their high specific surface area， abundant hydroxyl active sites， and controllable hygroscopic properties. In this study， CNC was prepared using the sulfuric acid hydrolysis method and CNC films were fabricated through self-assembly. The effects of hydrolysis time， self-assembly temperature conditions and ultrasonic treatment parameters on the yield， morphology and structure of CNC were systematically investigated. To further enhance the moisture response and mechanical properties of the films， CNC/ polyethylene glycol (PEG) composite films were prepared by incorporating different proportions of PEG. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the chemical structure and crystallization behavior of CNC/PEG films， and the mechanical properties and moisture-sensitive color change performance of the them were explored. The results showed that when the hydrolysis time was 60 minutes， the yield of CNC could reach up to 19.8%. Optimizing the ultrasonic treatment (120 W， 7 minutes) effectively improved the dispersion of CNC and enhanced the moisture-sensitive color change effect of the CNC films. When PEG was added at a concentration of 40%， the tensile strength of the CNC/PEG composite film reached 16.2 MPa， with enhanced moisture response sensitivity. This study provides theoretical basis and technical reference for the development of green humidity sensors based on natural polymers.
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Almost strongly regular graphs over rings
FANG Yuanyuan;ZHANG Lingjun;CUI Jian;The almost strongly regular graph GS(R) over a ring R is introduced and studied， whose vertex set is the set of all elements of R， and two distinct vertices x and y are adjacent if and only if X+Y is an almost strongly regular element in R. By using the interdisciplinary research method of ring theory and graph theory， the basic properties of GS(R) are investigated. The necessary and sufficient condition for GS(R) to be a complete graph is that R is an almost strongly regular ring， and the necessary and sufficient condition for the connectivity of GS(R) is that every element of a finite ring R can be decomposed into a finite sum of strongly clean elements. In addition， by constructing a bijection， the relationship between the vertex degree and the cardinality of the set of almost strongly regular elements is established， the calculation formulas for the vertex degrees of almost strongly regular graphs over rings ■ and ■ are obtained， and the basic properties such as girth， diameter and domination number are characterized. Finally， the structural characteristics of finite commutative rings R for which GS(R) is a planar graph and an outerplanar graph are depicted. It is determined that GS(R) is a unicyclic graph if and only if R≌Zs， and the structure of finite commutative rings R for which the genus of GS(R) is 1 is given.
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Application of Increasing PID Controlling Method in Temperature Controlling System
YAN Xiao-zhao,ZHANG Xing-guo(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nantong University,Nantong 226007,China)Temperature control is widely applied in scientific experiments and industrial processes.However,the temperature control system has characteristics of being nonlinear,time-varying and has hysteretic complicated large inertial system,and the effect of control is closely related to the algorithms adopted.In this paper,an experimental temperature control system is developed to meet the requirement of innovative ability training for mechatronic undergraduates.An increasing PID control algorithm is designed.The experimental results prove that the effect of the designed algorithm is better than the traditional PID algorithm.
Research and Development in Techniques of Dyeing Wastewater Treatment
JING Xiao-hui 1,YOUKe-fei 2,DING Xin-yu 2,CAI Zai-sheng 1(1.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai200051,China; 2.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nantong University,Nantong226007,China)Reviewof the progress on treating methods of dyeing wastewater is presented,especially the advanced techniques are introduced,suchas membrane extraction,ultrasonic processes,high-energyphysical processes,advanced electrocatalytic oxidaˉtion processes and advanced photocatalytic oxidation processes.The treating trend for the dyeing wastewater is discussed.
The Application and the Development Foreground of Chitin and Chitosan
ZHANG Wei,LIN Hong,CHEN Yu-yue (School of Material Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,China)The structure and the performance of chitin and chitosan are introduced and the application of chitin and chitosan in various fields is analyzed in this paper.The existing problems and the development foreground of chitin and chitosan are summarized in this paper.
Overview of SERS
LAN Yan-na,ZHOULing (Nantong Institute of Technology,Nantong226007,China)The principle of Raman spectrumis expounded first.Then the characteristics of SERS effect in experiment is summaˉrized and the mechanism of SERS is described.It's an accepted viewthat the mechanism of electromagnetic enhancement and the mechanismof chemical enhancement are both in existence.But which one is more important in different experiment depends on specific condition.
Application of ANSYS to Reinforced Concrete Beam
WANG Ya-ping 1,CHEN Jian-ping 2 ,CHEN Wu-zhou 3(1.Nantong Institute of Technology,Nantong226007,China;2.Nantong Architectural Design Institute of Industry,Nantong226001,China;3.Nantong Water Conservancy Construction Company,Nantong226005,China)In this article,taking features of reinforced concrete into account ,FEM software of ANSYS was used to calculate the beam' s deformation and the stress and strain of the normal section.At last,the answers to ANSYS(crack length,stress of reinforc-ing bar and concrete)and theoretical answers were compared in search of reasons and ways or measures that can amend it.
The Application and the Development Foreground of Chitin and Chitosan
ZHANG Wei,LIN Hong,CHEN Yu-yue (School of Material Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,China)The structure and the performance of chitin and chitosan are introduced and the application of chitin and chitosan in various fields is analyzed in this paper.The existing problems and the development foreground of chitin and chitosan are summarized in this paper.
Application of Increasing PID Controlling Method in Temperature Controlling System
YAN Xiao-zhao,ZHANG Xing-guo(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nantong University,Nantong 226007,China)Temperature control is widely applied in scientific experiments and industrial processes.However,the temperature control system has characteristics of being nonlinear,time-varying and has hysteretic complicated large inertial system,and the effect of control is closely related to the algorithms adopted.In this paper,an experimental temperature control system is developed to meet the requirement of innovative ability training for mechatronic undergraduates.An increasing PID control algorithm is designed.The experimental results prove that the effect of the designed algorithm is better than the traditional PID algorithm.
Preparation of functionalized carbon nanomaterials and their energy storage applications
LI Qi;QIN Tian;GE Cunwang;Over the past decades, functional carbon nanomaterials(FCMs) have attracted much attention from the materials science community owning to their outstanding physical and chemical properties, such as high electronic conductivity/rapid mass transfer, plentiful active sites, good chemical stability, and robust mechanical stiffness. In view of the anisotropic and synergistic effects stemming from the functionalization as well as small size effect at the nanoscale,these multifunctional FCMs exhibit high potential especially in lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, potassiumion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, organic solar cells, and supercapacitors. In this review, the functionalization strategies of carbon nanomaterials that have been developed over the last five years are comprehensively summarized and then application of FCMs in energy storage and conversion is introduced exhaustively. Finally, the pressing challenges and research directions are discussed according to the development trend.
Preparation of biochar and its application in environmental pollution management
WANG Jiayue;LING Qian;ZHANG Yunhao;WANG Xinyu;LIN Jiaqi;ZHANG Weitao;LIU Zhixin;WANG Xiangke;Biochar is a kind of environmentally friendly porous material which can be easily synthesized at low cost and in large scale. It has a wide range of applications in environmental pollution control and pollutants′ remediation and immobilization due to its large specific surface area and abundant surface functional groups. In this review, we mainly summarized the preparation of biochar, discussed the effect of preparation conditions on the properties of prepared biochar. The application of biochar in the removal of various pollutants from wastewater and soil improvement,the immobilization and elimination of different pollutants in soils, were reviewed in detail and the interaction mechanism was discussed. The removal of heavy metal ions was mainly attributed to the sorption of metal ions through the formation of surface complexes and part of metal ions could be reduced from high valence to low valence and then immobilized on biochar through adsorption-reduction-solidification strategy. The removal of organic pollutants from solution to biochar was mainly attributed to surface complexation, H bonding and π-π interaction on biochar surfaces.The organic pollutants could also be photocatalytic degraded by biochar or biochar-based materials under visible light irradiation. In conclusion, further research and discussion on the interaction mechanism of pollutant molecular with biochar at molecular level are helpful for the application of biochar in wastewater treatment and soil remediation. This review is of scientific significance for reducing the migration and transformation of pollutants in the environment and reducing the risk of environmental pollutants in the natural environment.
Modeling and simulation of proton exchange membrane electrolyzer system
WANG Huidong;YAO Haiyan;GUO Qiang;XIA Hongjun;Proton exchange membrane(PEM) electrolyzer converts electrical energy into chemical and heat energy,which is a green hydrogen production method, featuring fast response, high current density, compact structure, and other advantages. In the modeling of proton exchange membrane electrolysis water hydrogen production system,existing literature lacks a lumped parameter model that comprehensively describes the voltage and current changes of the electrolysis cell, as well as the temperature dynamics of each component of the system. This study establishes a steady-state voltage model of PEM electrolyzer and the thermal dynamic model of the system based on the basic principles of electrochemistry and the laws of thermodynamics. The simulation analysis was carried out based on MATLAB/Simulink software, and the simulation results were compared with the experimental data. The results showed that the voltage error is less than 0.02 V, and the temperature error is less than 1.6 K, which verifies the validity of the model. The established model can describe and predict the behavior of system parameters and provide support for system design and control. According to the efficiency model of PEM electrolyzer and the simulation results, the influence of different temperature and pressure on the performance of the electrolyzer was analyzed. It is concluded that increasing the temperature and decreasing the pressure can improve the efficiency of the electrolyzer, with temperature being the main factor. Using the simulation model, a feedforward PID controller was employed for temperature control, achieving an overshoot of less than 0.6 K and a settling time within 400 seconds. Comparison with a traditional PID controller demonstrates that the feedforward PID controller has advantages in terms of reduced overshoot and faster response.