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About the Journal
Governed by: Jiangsu Education Department
Sponsored by: Nantong University
Published by: Editorial Office of Journal of Nantong University (Natural Science Edition)
Issues per year: 4
ISSN: 1673-2340
CN: 32-1755/N
DL-SESTR:a deep learning-based semantic encoding method for synthetic trajectory reconstruction
LI Tongxin;ZHANG Jing;HU Haoze;ZENG Zuanyang;LIAO Huaxiong;Background knowledge attacks pose serious threats to trajectory privacy by exploiting prior knowledge to infer user behavior patterns. Existing trajectory reconstruction methods, however, suffer from two major limitations.First, they fail to address semantic location information leakage effectively, and their deep learning models lack optimization under noisy conditions, leading to inadequate reconstruction accuracy and weak semantic extraction. Second,their poor generalization ability hinders efficient reconstruction across heterogeneous datasets, thereby limiting the comprehensiveness of privacy protection. To address these limitations, this study proposes a deep learning-based semantic encoding method for synthetic trajectory reconstruction(DL-SESTR), a false trajectory reconstruction method based on semantic information encoding. The method integrates a bidirectional long short-term memory network(BiLSTM) with an attention mechanism to capture spatiotemporal dependencies and dynamically identify key trajectory points, thereby improving noise resistance. It also introduces a point-of-interest semantic annotation algorithm(PSA)that matches multi-source point-of-interest(POI) data efficiently to enhance annotation performance. Furthermore, a hierarchical semantic encoding algorithm based on the Hasse diagram(HDSE) is proposed, constructing a semantic sensitivity weight model to distinguish high-priority semantic information from noise. Experiments on the T-Drive and GeoLife datasets evaluated model performance across dense and sparse regions, varying privacy budgets, and dayand-night scenarios. DL-SESTR consistently outperforms baseline methods in balancing privacy protection and data utility: Hausdorff distance is reduced by 0.3%, dynamic time warping(DTW) efficiency improves by 1.2 times,and root mean square(RMS) improves by 1.18 times. Under a low privacy budget( ε = 0.01), the method still achieves a 95% Euclidean distance reduction rate, demonstrating strong robustness and generalization ability.
Vehicle scheduling optimization at unsignalized intersection based on Petri net and improved black-winged kite algorithm
CAO Meng;ZHANG Funa;JIANG Xinyu;HUANG Cheng;LIU Huixia;ZHANG Sihan;SUN Wenqiang;To meet the demand for efficient vehicle passage at unsignalized intersections in intelligent connected environments, this study proposes a new vehicle scheduling optimization method for unsignalized intersections based on a Petri net model, a deadlock avoidance strategy, and an improved black-winged kite algorithm(BKA), with the objective of minimizing the maximum vehicle passing time. The proposed method first encodes the vehicle passing sequences and establishes a mapping between vehicle numbers and BKA individuals. Then, a real-time online deadlock detection and repair strategy is applied to each individual to ensure control feasibility. Furthermore, two improvement strategies are developed for the BKA, the improved Circle chaotic mapping and the Levy flight strategy, to improve the algorithm′s solving speed and solution accuracy. Finally, experiments are conducted on a two-way four-lane intersection under multiple typical scenarios, and comparisons are made between the improved BKA, the original BKA, and the genetic algorithm to verify the significant advantage of the proposed method in minimizing the maximum passing time. Statistical analysis further demonstrates that the proposed method achieves the best performance in terms of convergence speed, stability, and optimization effectiveness. The experimental results show that the improved BKA exhibits strong optimization search capability in solving the vehicle scheduling optimization problem at unsignalized intersections.
Mobile robots path planning based on improved ant colony algorithm
YUAN Junhui;WANG Xiaodong;MA Yingcang;Path planning for mobile robots is considered one of the fundamental research areas in robotics. It involves determining an optimal, collision-free path from a start point to a target based on the assigned task and environmental perception. To address the limitations of the standard ant colony optimization(ACO) algorithm, including slow convergence, redundant paths, and susceptibility to local optima, this study proposes an improved ACO algorithm. Firstly,goal-oriented Euclidean and Chebyshev distances are fused to enhance early-stage search efficiency, and a normal distribution(Gaussian distribution) is introduced into the heuristic function to improve path search precision. Secondly,a reward-penalty strategy is incorporated into the pheromone update mechanism to reinforce the influence of highquality paths and accelerate convergence. Thirdly, an adaptive pheromone evaporation factor is applied to dynamically adjust the search behavior, thereby enhancing global exploration and reducing the risk of becoming trapped in local optima. Finally, a pruning strategy is employed to reduce the number of turns and shorten the overall path length. Comparative simulation experiments with other algorithms in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional environments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm not only yields shorter paths but also exhibits higher search efficiency in terms of running time.
Preparation and evaluation of X-ray shielding performance of Bi_2O3/TPU/W-coated yarn fabric
ZHOU Rui;ZHANG Feiyan;CHEN Huajie;ZHANG Yiming;YAO Lirong;To investigate the preparation process and X-ray shielding performance of bismuth oxide/polyurethane/tungsten wire(Bi_2O3/TPU/W) sheathed yarn fabrics, using a spinning solution of polyurethane(TPU) and bismuth oxide(Bi_2O3) with tungsten wire(W) as the core layer, Bi_2O3/TPU/W sheathed yarn was fabricated via core-sheath composite electrospinning technology and subsequently woven into a plain-woven fabric. The effects of Bi2 O3 addition on the surface morphology, chemical composition, mechanical properties, air permeability, and X-ray shielding performance of the nanofiber membrane were investigated. The results indicated that: 1) when the Bi2 O3 addition was 75%,the Bi_2O3/TPU fiber membrane exhibited uniform particle distribution and well-defined morphology; 2) when the diameter of the Bi_2O3/TPU/W sheathed yarn was 0.7 mm, the yarn structure was stable with satisfactory tensile strength.The prepared Bi_2O3/TPU/W sheathed yarn fabric, with a thickness of 1.4 mm, achieved an air permeability of 1 220 mm/s,a moisture vapor transmission rate of 7 040 g/(m2·24 h), and an X-ray shielding lead equivalent of 0.27 mmPb at an incident energy of 83 keV.
Fabrication and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of flake carbonyl iron/polyester fiber reinforced composites
JIN Xinyi;GUO Nannan;FENG Jingang;HE Hengxin;ZHU Licheng;PANG Tianwen;GU Wenyan;Flake carbonyl iron powder(CIP) is a typical magnetic-loss electromagnetic wave absorber, but its high density limits practical application. In this study, CIP was compounded with waterborne polyurethane( PU) and polyester fiber(PET) to prepare CIP/PET/PU composites, and their performance was systematically investigated. Two CIP sizes were each dispersed at different mass ratios into PU solutions to form impregnation solutions, into which PET fibers were subsequently immersed to yield CIP/PET/PU. Characterization of the microstructure, microwave absorption properties, and mechanical performance revealed distinct differences between the front and back sides of the composite. The cross-section exhibited a gradient distribution of CIP, transitioning from a dense concentration at the back side to a sparse distribution at the front side, with larger CIP particles being more prone to forming a dense structure on the back side. The microwave absorption performance of the back side was significantly superior to that of the front side. For composites containing larger CIP at a mass ratio of m(CIP)∶m(PU) = 1.5, the minimum reflection loss reached-25 d B at 18 GHz. Effective absorption was still achieved at a low mass ratio of m(CIP)∶m(PU) = 0.15, indicating promising potential for lightweight composites. Regarding mechanical properties, composites with smaller CIP at m(CIP)∶m(PU) = 0.015 showed mechanical performance slightly higher than or comparable to that of the CIP-free composite. Similarly, composites with larger CIP at m(CIP)∶m(PU) = 1.5 exhibited slightly better mechanical properties than the CIP-free composite. However, all other samples showed inferior mechanical performance compared with the CIP-free composite.
Study on environmental influence of heavy metals in downstream farmland soil of a gold-copper mine tailings pond that has been out of service
SUN Fengrui;YU Zhengmao;ZHANG Wenguo;XIAO E;JU Weiwei;Elevated heavy metal concentrations exist in decommissioned gold-copper tailings ponds and may migrate， posing a potential risk to the downstream farmland soil environment. This study focuses on the heavy metal contamination extent and degree in farmland downstream of a decommissioned gold-copper tailings pond. Strata lithological distribution and groundwater flow direction in the study area are determined via drilling exploration. Heavy metal concentrations in surface soil samples， collected from the tailings pond and downstream farmland within a 2 km radius， are analyzed. Results show that several heavy metal concentrations in tailings pond soil significantly exceed the agricultural land soil environmental pollution risk screening values， with a Nemerow composite pollution index of 5.10， and the site is classified as severely polluted. In contrast， both single-factor and comprehensive multi-factor pollution indices of nine targeted heavy metals in surface soils from downstream farmland within 1 km are categorized as "clean." No discernible spatial trends or correlations of heavy metal concentrations are observed along the valley of the study area. Mild pollution caused by Cu is detected in soils 2 km downstream of the tailings pond. Based on the assessment of upstream topography， groundwater conditions and heavy metal distribution patterns， the potential of Cu migration from upstream soil or groundwater to this exceedance site is considered low. Strengthened environmental management and further identification of pollution sources are required in this local contaminated area. This study suggests that with proper closure management after decommissioning—including leachate collection systems and improved drainage systems—the risk of heavy metal contamination to downstream farmland soils from this gold-copper tailings pond is relatively low.
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Degradation methods for fungicide residues in fruits
CAO Jiajia;GU Qiuyu;WANG Suyan;SHI Xinchi;Pedro LABORDA;Fungal diseases represent a major threat to the sustainable development of the fruit industry. Although chemical fungicides can effectively control plant diseases， their extensive application has led to a series of problems， including excessive pesticide residues， enhanced resistance of pathogenic bacteria， and environmental pollution. Current degradation methods for fungicides in fruits can achieve considerable degradation efficiency; however， information on their degradation products and potential toxicity remains relatively insufficient. Therefore， the development of efficient and green pesticide residue degradation technologies is of great importance for ensuring fruit quality and safety and promoting the green transformation of the fruit industry. This paper systematically reviews the degradation mechanisms and technical pathways of fungicide residues in fruits， focusing on the principles， degradation efficacy and application characteristics of physical， chemical and biological approaches.
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A population-regulated attention network for assisted diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder
ZHANG Xiongtao;MA Yuan;WANG Feng;YAN Qiqi;SHEN Qing;Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) based on multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) have garnered significant attention in medical imaging due to their ability to effectively characterize the non-Euclidean structure of brain networks. However， most existing studies overlook significant individual heterogeneity in patient symptoms and merely introduce demographic data via simple concatenation， thereby limiting classification performance. Furthermore， the heterogeneity of multi-site data often results in suboptimal model performance during cross-site external validation. To address these challenges， this study proposes a demographic-regulated multimodal graph attention network framework (DM-GAT). First， the model incorporates a demographic-aware dynamic graph structure learning (D-GSL) module， which utilizes demographic information to reconstruct the latent topology of brain networks， thereby mitigating noise and individual variability issues inherent in static functional connectivity. Second， a multi-view demographic interaction attention (M-DIA) mechanism is introduced. This mechanism employs demographic features as gating signals to dynamically regulate the attention weights of nodes and edges， enhancing the model's capability for individualized representation. Experimental results on the ABIDE and ADHD-200 cross-site datasets demonstrate that the proposed model achieves a classification accuracy of 74.51% on the ABIDE dataset (17 sites， 943 subjects)， outperforming the state-of-the-art MHNet model (73.27%). Ablation studies further validate the effectiveness of the D-GSL module (improving accuracy by approximately 4%) and the M-DIA module.
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Laplacian spectra and coherence of a class of multilayer weighted edge corona networks
LIU Jiabao;LI Qichang;To reveal the coupling mechanism between structure and function in complex systems， a class of multilayer weighted edge corona network models is constructed， and their Laplacian spectral properties as well as first-order and second-order coherence behaviors are systematically analyzed， aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the robust design of multi-agent systems. Firstly， based on graph theory and matrix analysis， the Laplacian spectrum of the multilayer weighted edge corona network is derived using Kronecker product operations and block matrix eigenvalue decomposition. Then， exact expressions for first-order and second-order coherence are obtained from the Laplacian spectrum， and the influences of the number of layers， weights， and factor network topologies on coherence behavior and robustness are examined. As an application， the number of spanning trees and the Laplacian energy of the network are further computed. The results show that second-order coherence is more sensitive to topological changes than first-order coherence， and increasing the number of layers and weights can significantly enhance network robustness. For the same G2， when the factor network G1 possesses higher network coherence， the multilayer weighted edge corona network ■ generally exhibits higher first-order coherence and lower second-order coherence. For the same G1， when the factor network G2 possesses higher network coherence， the multilayer weighted edge corona network ■ also generally exhibits higher network coherence. These findings clarify the intrinsic coupling law between topology and coherence in multilayer weighted edge corona networks， providing a theoretical foundation for flexibly regulating the cooperative ability and anti-interference performance of multi-agent systems by adjusting the number of layers and weights.
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Measurement of China's green low-carbon development level and research on its spatial correlation network characteristics based on complex network theory
LIU Jiabao;GUO Jialin;Against the background of China’s “dual carbon” goals， scientifically measuring the level of green and low-carbon development and revealing its spatial association characteristics are of great significance for promoting coordinated regional green transformation. Taking 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2023 as the research sample， this study constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system for green and low-carbon development from the economic， social， and ecological dimensions. The entropy-weighted TOPSIS method is employed to measure the green and low-carbon development level of each province， while kernel density estimation is used to depict its dynamic distribution characteristics. On this basis， an interprovincial spatial association network is constructed using an improved gravity model， and social network analysis is applied to systematically examine the structural characteristics of the spatial network of green and low-carbon development from both overall and individual perspectives. The results show that: (1) During the study period， China’s overall level of green and low-carbon development exhibits a steady upward trend; (2) The kernel density curves shift rightward and become increasingly concentrated， indicating continuous improvement in green and low-carbon development and a mitigation of interprovincial differentiation; (3) The spatial association network structure of green and low-carbon development remains relatively stable， featuring a low network density yet high connectivity efficiency， and has gradually exhibited small-world characteristics; (4) Economically developed eastern provinces occupy core positions in the network over the long term， exerting strong spillover and intermediary effects， and the overall network displays a pronounced “core–periphery” structure. These findings provide empirical evidence and policy implications for optimizing regional collaborative pathways toward green and low-carbon development and for advancing the achievement of China’s “dual carbon” goals.
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Application of Increasing PID Controlling Method in Temperature Controlling System
YAN Xiao-zhao,ZHANG Xing-guo(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nantong University,Nantong 226007,China)Temperature control is widely applied in scientific experiments and industrial processes.However,the temperature control system has characteristics of being nonlinear,time-varying and has hysteretic complicated large inertial system,and the effect of control is closely related to the algorithms adopted.In this paper,an experimental temperature control system is developed to meet the requirement of innovative ability training for mechatronic undergraduates.An increasing PID control algorithm is designed.The experimental results prove that the effect of the designed algorithm is better than the traditional PID algorithm.
Research and Development in Techniques of Dyeing Wastewater Treatment
JING Xiao-hui 1,YOUKe-fei 2,DING Xin-yu 2,CAI Zai-sheng 1(1.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai200051,China; 2.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nantong University,Nantong226007,China)Reviewof the progress on treating methods of dyeing wastewater is presented,especially the advanced techniques are introduced,suchas membrane extraction,ultrasonic processes,high-energyphysical processes,advanced electrocatalytic oxidaˉtion processes and advanced photocatalytic oxidation processes.The treating trend for the dyeing wastewater is discussed.
The Application and the Development Foreground of Chitin and Chitosan
ZHANG Wei,LIN Hong,CHEN Yu-yue (School of Material Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,China)The structure and the performance of chitin and chitosan are introduced and the application of chitin and chitosan in various fields is analyzed in this paper.The existing problems and the development foreground of chitin and chitosan are summarized in this paper.
Overview of SERS
LAN Yan-na,ZHOULing (Nantong Institute of Technology,Nantong226007,China)The principle of Raman spectrumis expounded first.Then the characteristics of SERS effect in experiment is summaˉrized and the mechanism of SERS is described.It's an accepted viewthat the mechanism of electromagnetic enhancement and the mechanismof chemical enhancement are both in existence.But which one is more important in different experiment depends on specific condition.
Application of ANSYS to Reinforced Concrete Beam
WANG Ya-ping 1,CHEN Jian-ping 2 ,CHEN Wu-zhou 3(1.Nantong Institute of Technology,Nantong226007,China;2.Nantong Architectural Design Institute of Industry,Nantong226001,China;3.Nantong Water Conservancy Construction Company,Nantong226005,China)In this article,taking features of reinforced concrete into account ,FEM software of ANSYS was used to calculate the beam' s deformation and the stress and strain of the normal section.At last,the answers to ANSYS(crack length,stress of reinforc-ing bar and concrete)and theoretical answers were compared in search of reasons and ways or measures that can amend it.
The Application and the Development Foreground of Chitin and Chitosan
ZHANG Wei,LIN Hong,CHEN Yu-yue (School of Material Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,China)The structure and the performance of chitin and chitosan are introduced and the application of chitin and chitosan in various fields is analyzed in this paper.The existing problems and the development foreground of chitin and chitosan are summarized in this paper.
Application of Increasing PID Controlling Method in Temperature Controlling System
YAN Xiao-zhao,ZHANG Xing-guo(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nantong University,Nantong 226007,China)Temperature control is widely applied in scientific experiments and industrial processes.However,the temperature control system has characteristics of being nonlinear,time-varying and has hysteretic complicated large inertial system,and the effect of control is closely related to the algorithms adopted.In this paper,an experimental temperature control system is developed to meet the requirement of innovative ability training for mechatronic undergraduates.An increasing PID control algorithm is designed.The experimental results prove that the effect of the designed algorithm is better than the traditional PID algorithm.
Preparation of functionalized carbon nanomaterials and their energy storage applications
LI Qi;QIN Tian;GE Cunwang;Over the past decades, functional carbon nanomaterials(FCMs) have attracted much attention from the materials science community owning to their outstanding physical and chemical properties, such as high electronic conductivity/rapid mass transfer, plentiful active sites, good chemical stability, and robust mechanical stiffness. In view of the anisotropic and synergistic effects stemming from the functionalization as well as small size effect at the nanoscale,these multifunctional FCMs exhibit high potential especially in lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, potassiumion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, organic solar cells, and supercapacitors. In this review, the functionalization strategies of carbon nanomaterials that have been developed over the last five years are comprehensively summarized and then application of FCMs in energy storage and conversion is introduced exhaustively. Finally, the pressing challenges and research directions are discussed according to the development trend.
Preparation of biochar and its application in environmental pollution management
WANG Jiayue;LING Qian;ZHANG Yunhao;WANG Xinyu;LIN Jiaqi;ZHANG Weitao;LIU Zhixin;WANG Xiangke;Biochar is a kind of environmentally friendly porous material which can be easily synthesized at low cost and in large scale. It has a wide range of applications in environmental pollution control and pollutants′ remediation and immobilization due to its large specific surface area and abundant surface functional groups. In this review, we mainly summarized the preparation of biochar, discussed the effect of preparation conditions on the properties of prepared biochar. The application of biochar in the removal of various pollutants from wastewater and soil improvement,the immobilization and elimination of different pollutants in soils, were reviewed in detail and the interaction mechanism was discussed. The removal of heavy metal ions was mainly attributed to the sorption of metal ions through the formation of surface complexes and part of metal ions could be reduced from high valence to low valence and then immobilized on biochar through adsorption-reduction-solidification strategy. The removal of organic pollutants from solution to biochar was mainly attributed to surface complexation, H bonding and π-π interaction on biochar surfaces.The organic pollutants could also be photocatalytic degraded by biochar or biochar-based materials under visible light irradiation. In conclusion, further research and discussion on the interaction mechanism of pollutant molecular with biochar at molecular level are helpful for the application of biochar in wastewater treatment and soil remediation. This review is of scientific significance for reducing the migration and transformation of pollutants in the environment and reducing the risk of environmental pollutants in the natural environment.
Modeling and simulation of proton exchange membrane electrolyzer system
WANG Huidong;YAO Haiyan;GUO Qiang;XIA Hongjun;Proton exchange membrane(PEM) electrolyzer converts electrical energy into chemical and heat energy,which is a green hydrogen production method, featuring fast response, high current density, compact structure, and other advantages. In the modeling of proton exchange membrane electrolysis water hydrogen production system,existing literature lacks a lumped parameter model that comprehensively describes the voltage and current changes of the electrolysis cell, as well as the temperature dynamics of each component of the system. This study establishes a steady-state voltage model of PEM electrolyzer and the thermal dynamic model of the system based on the basic principles of electrochemistry and the laws of thermodynamics. The simulation analysis was carried out based on MATLAB/Simulink software, and the simulation results were compared with the experimental data. The results showed that the voltage error is less than 0.02 V, and the temperature error is less than 1.6 K, which verifies the validity of the model. The established model can describe and predict the behavior of system parameters and provide support for system design and control. According to the efficiency model of PEM electrolyzer and the simulation results, the influence of different temperature and pressure on the performance of the electrolyzer was analyzed. It is concluded that increasing the temperature and decreasing the pressure can improve the efficiency of the electrolyzer, with temperature being the main factor. Using the simulation model, a feedforward PID controller was employed for temperature control, achieving an overshoot of less than 0.6 K and a settling time within 400 seconds. Comparison with a traditional PID controller demonstrates that the feedforward PID controller has advantages in terms of reduced overshoot and faster response.